| note♩: global warming issue... composed_by: morpheus |
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Global
warming
is
a
long-term
rise
in
the
average
temperature
of
the
Earth's
climate
system,
an
aspect
of
climate
change
shown
by
temperature
measurements
and
by
multiple
effects
of
the
warming.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_warming
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_warming
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2019 Weather Outlook: El Niño Winter Patterns Persist | Agweb.com
Your winter—cold, warm, wet or dry—has a great impact on the success of next season’s crop. However, meteorologists have differing views on what to expect across much of the Midwest. Their only agreement? It’ll be an El Niño winter. “We expect El Niño to be in place in the late fall to early winter,” says Mike Halpert, deputy director of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Climate Prediction Center. “Although a weak El Niño is expected, it may still influence the winter season ... {open}
https://www.agweb.com/article/2019-weather-outlook-el-nio-winter-patterns-persist/ |
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Greenhouse effect - Wikipedia
The greenhouse effect is the process by which radiation from a planet's atmosphere warms the planet's surface to a temperature above what it would be without its atmosphere.[1][2]
If a planet's atmosphere contains radiatively active gases (i.e., greenhouse gases) they will radiate energy in all directions. Part of this radiation is directed towards the surface, warming it.[3]
The intensity of the downward radiation – that is, the strength of the greenhouse effect – will depend on the atmosphere's ... {open}
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_effect |
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Deforestation - Wikipedia
Deforestation, clearance, or clearing is the removal of a forest or stand of trees from land which is then converted to a non-forest use.[2] Deforestation can involve conversion of forest land to farms, ranches, or urban use. The most concentrated deforestation occurs in tropical rainforests.[3] About 31% of Earth's land surface is covered by forests.[4]
Deforestation can occur for several reasons: trees can be cut down to be used for building or sold as fuel (sometimes in the form of charcoal... {open}
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deforestation |
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Climate change: How could artificial photosynthesis contribute to limiting global warming? Scie...
After several years during which global emissions at least stagnated, they rose again somewhat in 2017 and 2018. Germany has also clearly missed its climate targets. In order to keep global warming below 2 degrees Celsius, only about 1100 gigatonnes of CO2 may be released into the atmosphere by 2050. And In order to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees, only just under 400 gigatonnes of CO2 may be emitted worldwide. By 2050, emissions will have to fall to zero even. Currently, however, 42 gigatonnes o... {open}
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/01/190116111011.htm |
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Oceans are warming even faster than previously thought: Recent observations show ocean heating ...
Berkeley -- Heat trapped by greenhouse gases is raising ocean temperatures faster than previously thought, concludes an analysis of four recent ocean heating observations. The results provide further evidence that earlier claims of a slowdown or "hiatus" in global warming over the past 15 years were unfounded. "If you want to see where global warming is happening, look in our oceans," said Zeke Hausfather, a graduate student in the Energy and Resources Group at the University of California, Berkeley,... {open}
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/01/190110141811.htm |
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There's a place for us: New research reveals humanity's roles in ecosystems -- ScienceDaily
In two back-to-back symposia at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Washington, D.C., on Sunday, Feb. 17 at 1:30 and 3:30 PM respectively, a cross-disciplinary cohort of scientists will present the first comprehensive investigations of how humans interacted with plant and animal species in different cultures worldwide through time. By compiling and comparing detailed data from pre-industrial and modern societies, the researchers are sketching a picture of ... {open}
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/02/190217142518.htm |
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Projected increases in intensity, frequency, and terrestrial carbon costs of compound drought a...
See allHide authors and affiliations
Drought and atmospheric aridity pose large risks to ecosystem services and agricultural production. However, these factors are seldom assessed together as compound events, although they often occur simultaneously. Drought stress on terrestrial carbon uptake is characterized by soil moisture (SM) deficit and high vapor pressure deficit (VPD). We used in situ observations and 15 Earth system models to show that compound events with very high VPD and low... {open}
http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/5/1/eaau5740 |
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Global environmental consequences of twenty-first-century ice-sheet melt | Nature
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https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-0889-9 |
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Convergent estimates of marine nitrogen fixation | Nature
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https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-0911-2 |
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Source apportionment of circum-Arctic atmospheric black carbon from isotopes and modeling | Sci...
↵* Present address: Department of Earth Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands.
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Black carbon (BC) contributes to Arctic climate warming, yet source attributions are inaccurate due to lacking observational constraints and uncertainties in emission inventories. Year-round, isotope-constrained observations reveal strong seasonal variations in BC sources with a consistent and synchronous pattern at all Arctic sites. These... {open}
http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/5/2/eaau8052 |
section_title: global warming in charts section_compiler: Admin User
[^] Carbon Dioxide
DIRECT MEASUREMENTS: 2005-PRESENT
Credit: NOAA
[^]
Carbon Dioxide, Historic
PROXY (INDIRECT) MEASUREMENTS
Credit: NOAA
[^]
Global Temperature
GLOBAL LAND-OCEAN TEMPERATURE INDEX Credit: NASA/GISS
[^]
Arctic Sea Ice
AVERAGE SEPTEMBER EXTENT
Credit: NSIDC/NASA
[^]
Land Ice, Antarctica
ANTARCTICA MASS VARIATION SINCE 2002
Credit: NASA
[^] Land Ice, Greenland
GREENLAND MASS VARIATION SINCE 2002
Credit: NASA
[^]
Sea Level
SATELLITE DATA: 1993-PRESENT
Credit: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
[^]
Sea Level Historic Data
GROUND DATA: 1870-2013
Credit: CSIRO
☰
the scientific consensus
by: morpheus
Scientific
opinion
on
climate
change
is
a
judgment
of
scientists
regarding
the
degree
to
which
global
warming
is
occurring,
its
likely
causes,
and
its
probable
consequences.
A related—but not identical—term, "scientific consensus on climate change," is the prevailing view on climate change within the scientific community. The consensus is that:
Earth's climate has warmed significantly since the late 1800s.
Human activities (primarily greenhouse gas emissions) are the primary cause.
Continuing emissions will increase the likelihood and severity of global effects.
People could manage future climate change effects through intense efforts at reducing further warming while preparing for any unavoidable climate changes.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_opinion_on_climate_change
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=climate+change+science
A related—but not identical—term, "scientific consensus on climate change," is the prevailing view on climate change within the scientific community. The consensus is that:
Earth's climate has warmed significantly since the late 1800s.
Human activities (primarily greenhouse gas emissions) are the primary cause.
Continuing emissions will increase the likelihood and severity of global effects.
People could manage future climate change effects through intense efforts at reducing further warming while preparing for any unavoidable climate changes.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_opinion_on_climate_change
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=climate+change+science
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Acclaimed environmental photographer James Balog was once a skeptic about climate change. But through his Extreme Ice Survey, he discovers undeniable evidence of our changing planet. In Chasing Ice, Balog deploys revolutionary time-lapse cameras to capture a multi-year record of the world's changing glaciers. [enter]
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RsEcP2qz5iA |
☰
the maldives and global warming
by: morpheus
Climate
change
is
producing
drastic
changes
to
Earth
processes
and
changing
Earth's
environmental
status
quo.
Especially
pertinent
to
human
development
is
the
threat
of
climate
change
on
island
nations.
As
sea
levels
continue
to
rise,
island
peoples
and
cultures
are
being
threatened.
As
the
former
President
of
the
Republic
of
the
Marshall
Islands,
Christopher
Loeak,
noted
"In
the
last
year
alone,
my
country
has
suffered
through
unprecedented
droughts
in
the
north,
and
the
biggest
ever
king
tides
in
the
south;
and
we
have
watched
the
most
devastating
typhoons
in
history
leave
a
trail
of
death
and
destruction
across
the
region."[1]
Efforts
to
combat
these
environmental
changes
are
ongoing
and
multinational.
Particularly
notable
is
the
adoption
of
the
Paris
agreement
at
the
UN
Climate
Summit
in
Paris
in
2015,
which
by
no
means
an
unqualified
success,
is
certainly
a
step
in
the
right
direction
in
regards
to
fighting
the
effects
of
climate
by
aiming
to
slow
the
pace
of
global
warming.
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=maldives+global+warming
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_of_climate_change_on_island_nations
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=maldives+global+warming
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_of_climate_change_on_island_nations
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☰
global warming arctic life
by: morpheus
The
effects
of
global
warming
in
the
Arctic,
or
climate
change
in
the
Arctic
include
rising
air
and
water
temperatures,
loss
of
sea
ice,
and
melting
of
the
Greenland
ice
sheet
with
a
related
cold
temperature
anomaly,
observed
since
the
1970s.[1][2][3]
Related
impacts
include
ocean
circulation
changes,
increased
input
of
freshwater,[4][5]
and
ocean
acidification.[6]
Indirect
effects
through
potential
climate
teleconnections
to
mid
latitudes
may
result
in
a
greater
frequency
of
extreme
weather
events
(flooding,
fires
and
drought),[7]
ecological,
biological
and
phenology
changes,
biological
migrations
and
extinctions,[8]
natural
resource
stresses
and
as
well
as
human
health,
displacement
and
security
issues.
Potential
methane
releases
from
the
region,
especially
through
the
thawing
of
permafrost
and
methane
clathrates,
may
occur.[9]
Presently,
the
Arctic
is
warming
twice
as
fast
compared
to
the
rest
of
the
world.[10]
The
pronounced
warming
signal,
the
amplified
response
of
the
Arctic
to
global
warming,
is
often
seen
as
a
leading
indicator
of
global
warming.
The
melting
of
Greenland's
ice
sheet
is
linked
to
polar
amplification.[11][12]
According
to
a
study
published
in
2016,
about
0.5
°C
of
the
warming
in
the
Arctic
has
been
attributed
to
reductions
in
sulfate
aerosols
in
Europe
since
1980.[13]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change_in_the_Arctic
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=global+warming+arctic+life
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change_in_the_Arctic
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=global+warming+arctic+life
☰
global weather patterns 2019
by: morpheus
Cyclonic
Niño
is
a
climatological
phenomenon
that
has
been
observed
in
climate
models
where
tropical
cyclone
activity
is
increased.
Increased
tropical
cyclone
activity
mixes
ocean
waters,
introducing
cooling
in
the
upper
layer
of
the
ocean
that
quickly
dissipates
and
warming
in
deeper
layers
that
lasts
considerably
more,
resulting
in
a
net
warming
of
the
ocean.
In climate simulations of the Pliocene, this net warming is then transported by ocean currents and part of it ends up in the Eastern Pacific, warming it relative to the Western Pacific and thus creating El Niño[a]-like conditions. Reconstructed temperatures in the Pliocene have shown an El Niño-like pattern of ocean temperatures that may be explained by increased tropical cyclone activity and thus increased temperatures in the Eastern Pacific. Some of the heat is transported away from the tropics and may be responsible for past episodes of warmer-than-usual climate, such as in the Eocene and Cretaceous, although there is no agreement on the predominant effects of tropical cyclones on heat transport away from the tropics. There is evidence that under present-day climate when conditions are right, typhoons might start El Niño events.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclonic_Ni%C3%B1o
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=global+weather+patterns+2019
In climate simulations of the Pliocene, this net warming is then transported by ocean currents and part of it ends up in the Eastern Pacific, warming it relative to the Western Pacific and thus creating El Niño[a]-like conditions. Reconstructed temperatures in the Pliocene have shown an El Niño-like pattern of ocean temperatures that may be explained by increased tropical cyclone activity and thus increased temperatures in the Eastern Pacific. Some of the heat is transported away from the tropics and may be responsible for past episodes of warmer-than-usual climate, such as in the Eocene and Cretaceous, although there is no agreement on the predominant effects of tropical cyclones on heat transport away from the tropics. There is evidence that under present-day climate when conditions are right, typhoons might start El Niño events.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclonic_Ni%C3%B1o
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=global+weather+patterns+2019
☰
global deforestation
by: morpheus
Deforestation
is
one
of
the
main
contributors
to
climate
change.
It
comes
in
many
forms,
natural
fires,
agricultural
clear
cutting,
livestock
ranching,
and
untenable
logging
for
timber,
degradation
due
to
climate
change,
and
etc.
Forests
cover
31%
of
the
land
area
on
our
planet
and
annually,
18.7
million
acres
of
forest
is
lost.[1]
Deforestation
is
a
mass
elimination
of
trees
which
continues
to
threaten
tropical
forests,
their
biodiversity
and
the
ecosystem
services
they
provide.
The
main
area
of
concern
of
deforestation
is
in
tropical
rainforest
since
it
is
home
to
the
majority
of
the
biodiversity.
There
are
organizations
such
as
World
Wildlife
Fund
whose
main
focus
is
to
conserve
nature
and
reduce
the
most
pressing
threats
to
the
diversity
of
life
on
Earth.[1]
Deforestation is the second largest anthropogenic source of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, after fossil fuel combustion. Deforestation and forest degradation contribute to atmospheric greenhouse gas emissions through combustion of forest biomass and decomposition of remaining plant material and soil carbon. It used to account for more than 20% of carbon dioxide emissions, but it’s currently somewhere around the 10% mark. By 2008, deforestation was 12% of total CO2, or 15% if peatlands are included. These proportions are likely to have fallen since given the continued rise of fossil fuel use.[2]
Averaged over all land and ocean surfaces, temperatures warmed roughly 1.53 °F (0.85 °C) between 1880 and 2012, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. In the Northern Hemisphere, 1983 to 2012 were the warmest 30-year period of the last 1400 years.[3]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deforestation_and_climate_change
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=global+deforestation
Deforestation is the second largest anthropogenic source of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, after fossil fuel combustion. Deforestation and forest degradation contribute to atmospheric greenhouse gas emissions through combustion of forest biomass and decomposition of remaining plant material and soil carbon. It used to account for more than 20% of carbon dioxide emissions, but it’s currently somewhere around the 10% mark. By 2008, deforestation was 12% of total CO2, or 15% if peatlands are included. These proportions are likely to have fallen since given the continued rise of fossil fuel use.[2]
Averaged over all land and ocean surfaces, temperatures warmed roughly 1.53 °F (0.85 °C) between 1880 and 2012, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. In the Northern Hemisphere, 1983 to 2012 were the warmest 30-year period of the last 1400 years.[3]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deforestation_and_climate_change
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=global+deforestation
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☰
greenland documentary
by: morpheus
Greenland
(Greenlandic:
Kalaallit
Nunaat,
pronounced
[kalaːɬit
nunaːt];
Danish:
Grønland,
pronounced
[ˈɡʁɶnˌlanˀ])
is
an
autonomous
constituent
country
of
the
Kingdom
of
Denmark
between
the
Arctic
and
Atlantic
oceans,
east
of
the
Canadian
Arctic
Archipelago.
Though
physiographically
a
part
of
the
continent
of
North
America,
Greenland
has
been
politically
and
culturally
associated
with
Europe
(specifically
Norway
and
Denmark,
the
colonial
powers,
as
well
as
the
nearby
island
of
Iceland)
for
more
than
a
millennium.[9]
The
majority
of
its
residents
are
Inuit,
whose
ancestors
began
migrating
from
the
Canadian
mainland
in
the
13th
century,
gradually
settling
across
the
island.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenland
☰
what is carbon footprint
by: morpheus
the
amount
of
carbon
dioxide
and
other
carbon
compounds
emitted
due
to
the
consumption
of
fossil
fuels
by
a
particular
person,
group,
etc.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_footprint
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